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Coal miner in Wheelwright, Kentucky, 1946. People have worked as coal miners for centuries, but they became increasingly important during the Industrial Revolution when coal was burnt on a large scale to fuel stationary and locomotive engines and heat buildings. Owing to coal's strategic role as a primary fuel, coal miners have figured strongly ...
Miners and mine guards engaged in several armed skirmishes over the closure of coal mines and access to rail routes in the summer and fall of 1920. The West Virginia government declared martial law and sent federal troops to quell the strike, but backed down under threat of a general strike of all union coal miners in West Virginia. [3]
Industrial Structure, Union Strategy and Strike Activity in Bituminous Coal Mining, 1881 - 1894 Social Science History 26 (2002): 1 - 32. Roy, Andrew. A history of the coal miners of the United States, from the development of the mines to the close of the anthracite strike of 1902, including a brief sketch of early British miners (1907) online
The 1920 Alabama coal strike, or the Alabama miners' strike, [1] was a statewide strike of the United Mine Workers of America against coal mine operators. The strike was marked by racial violence, and ended in significant defeat for the union and organized labor in Alabama.
The Coal Wars were the result of economic exploitation of workers during a period of social transformation in the coalfields. Beginning in 1870–1880, coal operators had established the company town system. [2] Coal operators paid private detectives as well as public law enforcement agents to ensure that union organizers were kept out of the ...
See American coal miners below: Coal was originally used in America in the 1300s by the Hopi Indians as a way to cook their food, warm themselves and fire their clay. Coal did not resurface in the ...
Jun. 22—In West Virginia, where the Appalachian storytelling tradition still hangs in the hollows and along the ridgetops like a whisper of morning fog, it's not just the tale. It's the person ...
The Battle of Blair Mountain was the largest labor uprising in United States history and is the largest armed uprising since the American Civil War. [5] [6] The conflict occurred in Logan County, West Virginia, as part of the Coal Wars, a series of early-20th-century labor disputes in Appalachia.