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Diesel engines changed from 4-cylinder N47 to 3-cylinder BMW B37 (116d model) [40] and 4-cylinder BMW B47 (118d, 120d and 125d models). 116i and 118i models changed from 4-cylinder N13 engine to 3-cylinder B38. 120i model introduced, powered by the 4-cylinder N13 engine. M135i power increase of 5 kW ([convert: unit mismatch]) [41]
The engine also became available in the 5 Series BMW E60 and E61 from September 2007, several months after the 5 series was face lifted, during which time the older M47 remained available. In the 2008 model year 3 Series E90/E91/E92/E93 when the entire 3 series range gained the company's Efficient Dynamics technology.
The B47 engine is part of the modular family of engines, along with the B38, B48, B57 and B58. [1] The B47 complies with the Euro 6 emissions standard, and features a dual overhead camshaft with 4 valves per cylinder and a single turbocharger; while 165 kW (221 hp) and 170 kW (228 hp) engines feature twin-turbochargers.
Thermodynamic diagrams are diagrams used to represent the thermodynamic states of a material (typically fluid) and the consequences of manipulating this material. For instance, a temperature– entropy diagram ( T–s diagram ) may be used to demonstrate the behavior of a fluid as it is changed by a compressor.
This regulation is now carried out by an internal thermostat. Conveniently, both the sensing element of the thermostat and its control valve may be placed at the same location, allowing the use of a simple self-contained non-powered thermostat as the primary device for the precise control of engine temperature. [2]
In thermodynamics, a temperature–entropy (T–s) diagram is a thermodynamic diagram used to visualize changes to temperature (T ) and specific entropy (s) during a thermodynamic process or cycle as the graph of a curve. It is a useful and common tool, particularly because it helps to visualize the heat transfer during a process.
BMW 1 Series sedan (F52) The 1 Series (F52) is a four-door sedan that began production in 2017 in China. The F52 has been built specifically for the Chinese market by BMW Brilliance, a joint venture between BMW and Brilliance Auto. [5] Unlike other BMW 1 Series cars of the time, it uses the front-wheel drive UKL platform. [6]
The Prince family shares its basic block dimensions with the previous PSA TU engine family. Engineering design was directed by BMW using their Valvetronic variable valve lift system on the intake side, flow-controlled oil pump, timing chain, single belt drive of all ancillary units, composite camshafts and cylinder head produced by lost-foam casting.