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There is a long tubular heart that extends through much of the body, but usually few, if any, blood vessels. [12] Malpighian tubules excrete nitrogenous waste into the digestive system, which typically consists of a simple tube. Although the ventral nerve cord has a ganglion in each segment, the brain is relatively poorly developed. [12]
Mushroom bodies visible in a Drosophila brain as two stalks. From Jenett et al., 2006 [1] The mushroom bodies or corpora pedunculata are a pair of structures in the brain of arthropods, including insects and crustaceans, [2] and some annelids (notably the ragworm Platynereis dumerilii). [3] They are known to play a role in olfactory learning ...
The supraesophageal ganglion (also "supraoesophageal ganglion", "arthropod brain" or "microbrain" [1]) is the first part of the arthropod, especially insect, central nervous system. It receives and processes information from the first, second, and third metameres .
The ventral nerve cord coordinates neural signaling from the brain to the body and vice versa, integrating sensory input and locomotor output. [1] Because arthropods have an open circulatory system , decapitated insects can still walk, groom, and mate — illustrating that the circuitry of the ventral nerve cord is sufficient to perform complex ...
The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous system consisting primarily of the brain and spinal cord.The CNS is so named because the brain integrates the received information and coordinates and influences the activity of all parts of the bodies of bilaterally symmetric and triploblastic animals—that is, all multicellular animals except sponges and diploblasts.
Cephalization is an evolutionary trend in animals that, over many generations, the special sense organs and nerve ganglia become concentrated towards the front of the body where the mouth is located, often producing an enlarged head.
Most famous parts of the brain highlighted in different colours The human brain anatomical regions are ordered following standard neuroanatomy hierarchies. Functional , connective , and developmental regions are listed in parentheses where appropriate.
The human brain is the central organ of the nervous system, and with the spinal cord, comprises the central nervous system. It consists of the cerebrum, the brainstem and the cerebellum. The brain controls most of the activities of the body, processing, integrating, and coordinating the information it receives from the sensory nervous system ...