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Bortezomib, sold under the brand name Velcade among others, is an anti-cancer medication used to treat multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma. [4] This includes multiple myeloma in those who have and have not previously received treatment. [ 3 ]
Bortezomib (Velcade) was approved in 2003. This was the first proteasome inhibitor approved for use in the U.S. Its boron atom binds the catalytic site of the 26S proteasome. [20] Carfilzomib (Kyprolis) was approved by the FDA for relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma in 2012 . [21]
Azacitidine is a chemical analogue of the nucleoside cytidine, which is present in DNA and RNA.It is thought to have antineoplastic activity via two mechanisms – at low doses, by inhibiting of DNA methyltransferase, causing hypomethylation of DNA, [16] and at high doses, by its direct cytotoxicity to abnormal hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow through its incorporation into DNA and RNA ...
Dexamethasone along with either bortezomib or melphalan is commonly used as a treatment for AL amyloidosis. Recently, bortezomid in combination with cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone has also shown promise as a treatment for AL amyloidosis. Other drugs used to treat myeloma such as lenalidomide have shown promise in treating AL amyloidosis. [173]
Bortezomib/dexamethasone is a combination drug against multiple myeloma. [1] When bortezomib is used by the trade name Velcade, the combination is called Vel/Dex (or Vel-Dex or Veldex ). Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor and dexamethasone is a corticosteroid .
An enteric coating is a polymer barrier applied to oral medication that prevents its dissolution or disintegration in the gastric environment. [1] This helps by either protecting drugs from the acidity of the stomach, the stomach from the detrimental effects of the drug, or to release the drug after the stomach (usually in the upper tract of the intestine). [2]
Modified-release dosage and its variants are mechanisms used in tablets (pills) and capsules to dissolve a drug over time in order to be released more slowly and steadily into the bloodstream, while having the advantage of being taken at less frequent intervals than immediate-release (IR) formulations of the same drug.
Sublingual strips—similar to tablets in that they easily melt in the mouth and dissolve rapidly. Suboxone is an example of medication that comes in a sublingual strip. Multi-purpose tablets—Soluble tablets for either oral or sublingual (or buccal ) administration, often also suitable for preparation of injections, Hydrostat ( hydromorphone ...