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Amendments to this Constitution shall be initiated by the Diet, through a concurring vote of two-thirds or more of all the members of each House and shall thereupon be submitted to the people for ratification, which shall require the affirmative vote of a majority of all votes cast thereon, at a special referendum or at such election as the ...
[52] Some states require a supermajority for passage of a constitutional amendment or statutory initiative. [53] Many state constitutions allow or require amendments to their own constitutions to be proposed by supermajorities of the state legislature; these amendments must usually be approved by the voters at one or more subsequent elections.
The second category includes amendments that can be effected by Parliament by a prescribed ‘special majority'; and the third category of amendments includes those that require, in addition to such "special majority", ratification by at least one-half of the State Legislatures. The last two categories are governed by article 368.
Some proposed amendments are introduced over and over again in different sessions of Congress. It is also common for a number of identical resolutions to be offered on issues that have widespread public and congressional support. Since 1789, Congress has sent 33 constitutional amendments to the states for ratification. Of these, 27 have been ...
A constitutional amendment, often introduced to the Assembly during odd years, must first be passed by both chambers. Then, an intervening House of Delegates election must take place.
The Bill of Rights, or first 10 Amendments, took about two years. The last amendment, the 27th, concerns the timing and compensation of Senators and Representatives.
Of the 33 amendments submitted to the states for ratification, the state convention method has been used for only one, the Twenty-first Amendment. [6] In United States v. Sprague (1931), the Supreme Court affirmed the authority of Congress to decide which mode of ratification will be used for each individual constitutional amendment. [14]
Unlike Florida constitutional amendments, which require 60% voter approval to pass, city charter amendments need only a simple majority — 50% of the vote plus one — to win approval.