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José Francisco de San Martín y Matorras (Spanish pronunciation: [xoˈse ðe sam maɾˈtin] ⓘ; 25 February 1778 – 17 August 1850), nicknamed "the Liberator of Argentina, Chile and Peru", [1] was an Argentine general and the primary leader of the southern and central parts of South America's successful struggle for independence from the Spanish Empire who served as the Protector of Peru.
Mausoleum of San Martín at the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Cathedral.The three statues are national personifications of Argentina, Chile and Peru. José de San Martín is the national hero of Argentina, Chile and Peru, and along with Simón Bolívar, the most important Libertador of the Spanish American Wars of Independence.
Mitre began to work on the biography of San Martín right after ending his presidency. [4] He wrote his initial project to Mariano Balcarce: he wanted to write two books, History of San Martín from 1812 to 1822, from San Martín's arrival to Buenos Aires to the Guayaquil conference, and The Ostracism and Apotheosis of General San Martín, with his life afterwards. [5]
The Crossing of the Andes (Spanish: Cruce de los Andes) was one of the most important feats in the Argentine and Chilean wars of independence.A combined army of Argentine soldiers and Chilean exiles crossed the Andes mountains, which separate Argentina from Chile, to invade Chile, leading to its liberation from Spanish rule.
The Guayaquil conference (1822) between Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín, the greatest libertadores (liberators) of Spanish America.. Libertadores (Spanish pronunciation: [liβeɾtaˈðoɾes] ⓘ, "Liberators") were the principal leaders of the Spanish American wars of independence from Spain and of the movement in support of Brazilian independence from Portugal.
He arrived to South America in 1765. José de San Martín's mother was Gregoria Matorras del Ser, a native of Paredes de Nava (province of Palencia), born on March 12, 1738. Juan de San Martín and Gregoria Matorras were married on October 1, 1770, settling in the Banda Oriental (Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata). They had three children ...
San Martín left Peru on September 22, 1822, and left the independence movement's command to Bolívar. In April 1822, a Royalist incursion defeated a Republican Army in the Battle of Ica. Cochrane left Peru on May 10 (after a dispute with San Martin), and was replaced by Martin Guisse as head of the navy.
That year, the history of San Martín was first offered as a college major in Argentine higher education at the University of La Plata, and 1950 was declared the "Year of General San Martín, the Liberator." [1] The following year saw the unveiling of a monument by local sculptor Ángel Ibarra García in a plaza facing the institute.