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A sanitary manhole under construction. A sanitary manhole (sewer manhole, [1] sanitary sewer manhole [2] or sewer maintenance hole [3]) is a manhole that is used as an access point for maintenance and inspection of an underground sanitary sewer system. Sanitary manholes are sometimes used as vents to prevent the buildup of pressurized sewage ...
A manhole cover sits on a metal base, with a smaller inset rim which fits the cover. The base and cover are sometimes called "castings", because they are usually made by a casting process, typically sand-casting techniques. [1] Pick holes in manhole cover, Palo Alto, California, USA Manhole valve made in 2022
The location of a sewer manhole must be carefully considered to ensure that the drainage system is effective and easy to maintain. [ 15 ] [ 16 ] According to design standards, the distance between two manholes is typically between 7 and 20 meters, depending on the specific characteristics of the project.
The larger line enters from the right and changes direction within the manhole to exit from the top of the photo. A smaller line enters from the bottom of the photo under the access steps. The concrete floor of the manhole has channels to minimize accumulation of solids. Interior of a large sanitary sewer viewed from an access manhole chamber.
Packaged metering manhole factories integrate a primary device (typically a flume [1] or weir [2]) into a fiberglass manhole. The result is a lightweight, single-piece (generally), corrosion resistant structure from which an operator can measure piped flows, take composite samples, and perform water quality parameter monitoring.
Gravity sewer flow as seen looking down into an open sanitary manhole. A gravity sewer is a conduit utilizing the energy resulting from a difference in elevation to remove unwanted water. The term sewer implies removal of sewage or surface runoff rather than water intended for use; [ 1 ] and the term gravity excludes water movement induced ...
Bell System; BECo = Brooklyn Edison Company; ... Forgotten NY: manhole "World Sewer Cover Web site", February, 2001. "Photos of NYC Manhole Covers, March, 2013.
Infiltration will occur where local groundwater elevation is higher than the sewer pipe. Gravel bedding materials in sewer pipe trenches act as a French drain. Groundwater flows parallel to the sewer until it reaches the area of damaged pipe. In areas of low groundwater, sewage may exfiltrate into groundwater from a leaking sewer. [6]