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  2. Hemodialysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemodialysis

    Hemodialysis often involves fluid removal (through ultrafiltration), because most patients with renal failure pass little or no urine. Side effects caused by removing too much fluid and/or removing fluid too rapidly include low blood pressure, fatigue, chest pains, leg-cramps, nausea and headaches. These symptoms can occur during the treatment ...

  3. Cramp - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cramp

    A lactic acid buildup around muscles can trigger cramps; however, they happen during anaerobic respiration when a person is exercising or engaging in an activity where the heartbeat rises. Medical conditions associated with leg cramps are cardiovascular disease, hemodialysis, cirrhosis, pregnancy, and lumbar canal stenosis.

  4. Kidney dialysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_dialysis

    Schematic of semipermeable membrane during hemodialysis, where blood is red, dialysing fluid is blue, and the membrane is yellow. Kidney dialysis (from Greek διάλυσις, dialysis, 'dissolution'; from διά, dia, 'through', and λύσις, lysis, 'loosening or splitting') is the process of removing excess water, solutes, and toxins from the blood in people whose kidneys can no longer ...

  5. Vitamin and mineral management for dialysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_and_mineral...

    Vitamin and mineral management for dialysis patients is a required treatment for people undergoing dialysis because during end-stage kidney disease and dialysis the kidneys are functioning at less than 15% of normal levels. [1] As a consequence, certain vitamin and mineral restrictions and supplementations are needed. [2]

  6. Hypokalemia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypokalemia

    Feeling tired, leg cramps, weakness, constipation, abnormal heart rhythm [1] Complications: Cardiac arrest [1] Causes: Diarrhea, medications like furosemide and steroids, dialysis, diabetes insipidus, hyperaldosteronism, hypomagnesemia, not enough intake in the diet [1] Diagnostic method: Blood potassium < 3.5 mmol/L [1] [2] Treatment

  7. Kidney failure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_failure

    A hemodialysis machine which is used to replace the function of the kidneys: Specialty: Nephrology: Symptoms: Leg swelling, feeling tired, loss of appetite, confusion [2] Complications: Acute: Uremia, high blood potassium, volume overload [3] Chronic: Heart disease, high blood pressure, anemia [4] [5] Types: Acute kidney failure, chronic kidney ...