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Glycerol monostearate, commonly known as GMS, is a monoglyceride commonly used as an emulsifier in foods. [3] It takes the form of a white, odorless, and sweet-tasting flaky powder that is hygroscopic .
Ingredients of cosmetic products are listed following International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients (INCI). These INCI names often differ greatly from systematic chemical nomenclature or from more common trivial names. The below tables are sorted as follows:
The information is published in the document Class Names and the International Numbering System for Food Additives, first published in 1989, with revisions in 2008 and 2011. The INS is an open list, "subject to the inclusion of additional additives or removal of existing ones on an ongoing basis".
Ascorbyl stearate – antioxidant (fat soluble) Aspartame – artificial sweetener; Aspartame-acesulfame salt – artificial sweetener; Astaxanthin – color; Avocado oil – used a substitute for olive oil. Also used in cosmetics and skin care products. Azodicarbonamide – flour bleaching agent. Also used in the production of foamed plastics ...
INCI names often differ greatly from systematic chemical nomenclature or from more common trivial names and is a mixture of conventional scientific names, Latin and English words. INCI nomenclature conventions "are continually reviewed and modified when necessary to reflect changes in the industry, technology, and new ingredient developments". [2]
Monolaurin (abbreviated GML; also called glycerol monolaurate, glyceryl laurate, and 1-lauroyl-glycerol) is a monoglyceride. It is the mono- ester formed from glycerol and lauric acid . Its chemical formula is C 15 H 30 O 4 .
Monoglycerides are primarily used as surfactants, usually in the form of emulsifiers.Together with diglycerides, monoglycerides are commonly added to commercial food products in small quantities as "E471" (s.a. Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids), which helps to prevent mixtures of oils and water from separating.
Triglyceride 3 NaOH / H 2 O Δ 3 × soap 3 × glycerol Triglycerides can be saponified with sodium hydroxide to give glycerol and fatty sodium salt or soap. Typical plant sources include soybeans or palm. Animal-derived tallow is another source. From 2000 to 2004, approximately 950,000 tons per year were produced in the United States and Europe; 350,000 tons of glycerol were produced in the U ...