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A semiconductor detector in ionizing radiation detection physics is a device that uses a semiconductor (usually silicon or germanium) to measure the effect of incident charged particles or photons. Semiconductor detectors find broad application for radiation protection , gamma and X-ray spectrometry , and as particle detectors .
An Automated Optical Inspection device. Automated optical inspection (AOI) is an automated visual inspection of printed circuit board (PCB) (or LCD, transistor) manufacture where a camera autonomously scans the device under test for both catastrophic failure (e.g. missing component) and quality defects (e.g. fillet size or shape or component skew).
Based on device structure, photodetectors can be classified into the following categories: MSM Photodetector: A metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetector consists of a semiconductor layer sandwiched between two metal electrodes. The metal electrodes are interdigitated, forming a series of alternating fingers or grids.
Hybrid pixel detectors are a type of ionizing radiation detector consisting of an array of diodes based on semiconductor technology and their associated electronics. The term “hybrid” stems from the fact that the two main elements from which these devices are built, the semiconductor sensor and the readout chip (also known as application-specific integrated circuit or ASIC), are ...
The subsequent signal processing depends on the type of device. A standard Medipix detector increases the counter in the appropriate pixel if the signal is above the discrimination level. The Medipix device also contains an upper discrimination level and hence only signals within a range of amplitude could be accepted (within an energy window).
Automatic transmission speed sensor; ... Semiconductor detector; Thermoluminescent dosimeter; ... Speed sensors are machines used to detect the speed of an object ...
SPADs are semiconductor devices that are based on a p–n junction that is reverse-biased at an operating voltage that exceeds the junction's breakdown voltage (). [3] " At this bias, the electric field is so high [higher than 3×10 5 V/cm] that a single charge carrier injected into the depletion layer can trigger a self-sustaining avalanche.
Charge coupled device (CCD) cameras were first applied to transmission electron microscopy in the 1980s and later became widespread. [3] [4] For use in a TEM, CCDs are typically coupled with a scintillator such as single crystal Yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG) in which electrons from the electron beam are converted to photons, which are then transferred to the sensor of the CCD via a fiber ...