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Alcohol dependence is a previous (DSM-IV and ICD-10) psychiatric diagnosis in which an individual is physically or psychologically dependent upon alcohol (also chemically known as ethanol). In 2013, it was reclassified as alcohol use disorder in DSM-5, [1] which combined alcohol dependence and alcohol abuse into this diagnosis.
Mental health as a risk factor for alcohol dependence or abuse William Hogarth's Gin Lane, 1751. A complex combination of genetic and environmental factors influences the risk of the development of alcoholism. [81] Genes that influence the metabolism of alcohol also influence the risk of alcoholism, as can a family history of alcoholism. [82]
The causes of alcohol abuse are complex and multi-faceted. Alcohol abuse is related to economic and biological origins and is associated with adverse health consequences. [45] Peer pressure influences individuals to abuse alcohol; however, most of the influence of peers is due to inaccurate perceptions of the risks of alcohol abuse. [48]
Psychoactive substance-induced psychotic disorders outlined within the ICD-10 codes F10.5—F19.5: F10.5 alcohol: [8] [9] [10] Alcohol is a common cause of psychotic disorders or episodes, which may occur through acute intoxication, chronic alcoholism, withdrawal, exacerbation of existing disorders, or acute idiosyncratic reactions. [8]
Substance-related disorders, also known as substance use disorders, are a type of mental disorder that affects a person's brain and behavior, leading to their inability to control their use of substances like legal or illegal drugs, alcohol, or medications. The disorders can lead to large societal problems.
"Substance use pertains to using select substances such as alcohol, tobacco, illicit drugs, etc. that can cause dependence or harmful side effects."On the other hand, substance abuse is the use of drugs such as prescriptions, over-the-counter medications, or alcohol for purposes other than what they are intended for or using them in excessive ...
Alcohol abuse or dependence reported a lifetime prevalence of 18.1% and a 12-month prevalence of 3.2%. [196] Cannabis abuse or dependence reported a lifetime prevalence of 6.8% and a 12-month prevalence of 3.2%. [196] Other drug abuse or dependence has a lifetime prevalence of 4.0% and a 12-month prevalence of 0.7%. [196]
In 2015, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, citing the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, defines binge drinking as "a pattern of drinking that brings a person's blood alcohol concentration (BAC) to 0.08 percent or above. This typically happens when men consume five or more drinks, and when women consume four or ...