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Loop quantum gravity (LQG) is a theory of quantum gravity that incorporates matter of the Standard Model into the framework established for the intrinsic quantum gravity case. It is an attempt to develop a quantum theory of gravity based directly on Albert Einstein 's geometric formulation rather than the treatment of gravity as a mysterious ...
Carlo Rovelli (born 3 May 1956) is an Italian theoretical physicist and writer who has worked in Italy, the United States, France, and Canada. [1] He is currently Emeritus Professor at the Centre de Physique Theorique of Marseille in France, a Distinguished Visiting Research Chair at the Perimeter Institute, [2] core member of the Rotman Institute of Philosophy of Western University in Canada ...
In the second part, The World without Time, Rovelli writes that events constitute the universe instead of particles, and introduces the concept of quanta of time in loop quantum gravity. The final section, The Sources of Time, proposes that the apparent flow of time is due to the inability to observe all the microscopic details of the world. [4]
(Later, loop quantum gravity inherited this geometric interpretation of gravity, and posits that a quantum theory of gravity is fundamentally a quantum theory of spacetime.) In the 1920s, the French mathematician Élie Cartan formulated Einstein's theory in the language of bundles and connections, [ 1 ] a generalization of Riemannian geometry ...
The distinguishing feature of LQC is the prominent role played by the quantum geometry effects of loop quantum gravity (LQG). In particular, quantum geometry creates a brand new repulsive force which is totally negligible at low space-time curvature but rises very rapidly in the Planck regime , overwhelming the classical gravitational ...
Jorge Pullin: physicist who helped develop loop quantum gravity, co-author of Loops, Knots, Gauge Theories and Quantum Gravity. Carlo Rovelli: one of the founders and major contributors to loop quantum gravity. Lee Smolin: one of the founders and major contributors to loop quantum gravity. Rafael Sorkin: physicist, primary proponent of the ...
The book's opening chapters trace the history and evolution of quantum gravity. Starting with pre-socratic philosopher Democritus through to the ideas of Sir Isaac Newton and, eventually, Albert Einstein, Rovelli puts forward a theory that quantum gravity brings great unity to the universe. Rovelli then states that space and time, waves and ...
In loop quantum gravity (LQG), a spin network represents a "quantum state" of the gravitational field on a 3-dimensional hypersurface. The set of all possible spin networks (or, more accurately, " s-knots " – that is, equivalence classes of spin networks under diffeomorphisms ) is countable ; it constitutes a basis of LQG Hilbert space .