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Reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) proposes three brain-behavioral systems that underlie individual differences in sensitivity to reward, punishment, and motivation. While not originally defined as a theory of personality , the RST has been used to study and predict anxiety , impulsivity , and extraversion . [ 1 ]
The causes of RRBs in visually impaired children are not well understood. Two distinct theories for causes are that it is compensation for sensory and/or social deprivation, and that it is a regulatory function in response to overstimulation and/or anxiety. However, as of 2021 such theories do not have empirical support. [3]
Wagner received his Ph.D. from the University of Iowa in 1959, under Kenneth W. Spence, and he was on the faculty of Yale University until his death, serving as Chair of the Department of Psychology from 1983 to 1989, Chair of the Department of Philosophy from 1991 to 1993, Director of the Division of the Social Sciences from 1992 to 1998, and ...
Social psychology utilizes a wide range of specific theories for various kinds of social and cognitive phenomena. Here is a sampling of some of the more influential theories that can be found in this branch of psychology. Attribution theory – is concerned with the ways in which people explain (or attribute) the behaviour of others. The theory ...
Robert Sessions Woodworth (October 17, 1869 – July 4, 1962) was an American psychologist and the creator of the personality test which bears his name.A graduate of Harvard and Columbia, he studied under William James along with other prominent psychologists as Leta Stetter Hollingworth, James Rowland Angell, and Edward Thorndike.
Structural psychology was concerned with mental contents while functionalism is concerned with mental operations. It is argued that structural psychology emanated from philosophy and remained closely allied to it, while functionalism has a close ally in biology. [4] William James is considered to be the founder of functional psychology. But he ...
[3] [full citation needed] His 1983 book, co-written with Jay Greenberg and called Object Relations in Psychoanalytic Theory is considered to be the first major work of relational psychoanalysis. Prior work especially by Sabina Spielrein in the 1910s to 1930s is often cited, particularly by Adrienne Harris and others who connect feminism with ...
He was a pioneer in the field of positive psychology, and wrote the first textbook in that field, Positive Psychology. He was best known for his work on hope and forgiveness, and also developed theories explaining how people react to personal feedback, to the human need for uniqueness, and to the drive to excuse and forgive transgressions.