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Cost-weighted activity index. A cost-weighted activity index is a technique for measuring the changes in the output of an organisation over time. It is used particularly for Government departments and other bodies that do not operate in a market, hence normal means of measuring output cannot be used. Following work by Michael Baxter and Alwyn ...
Hyperbolic discounting. In economics, hyperbolic discounting is a time- inconsistent model of delay discounting. It is one of the cornerstones of behavioral economics [1][2] and its brain-basis is actively being studied by neuroeconomics researchers. [3]
In economics, total cost (TC) is the minimum financial cost of producing some quantity of output. This is the total economic cost of production and is made up of variable cost, which varies according to the quantity of a good produced and includes inputs such as labor and raw materials, plus fixed cost, which is independent of the quantity of a ...
Prospect theory. Daniel Kahneman, who won the 2002 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics for his work developing prospect theory. Prospect theory is a theory of behavioral economics, judgment and decision making that was developed by Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky in 1979. [1] The theory was cited in the decision to award Kahneman the 2002 Nobel ...
In economics and finance, risk aversion is the tendency of people to prefer outcomes with low uncertainty to those outcomes with high uncertainty, even if the average outcome of the latter is equal to or higher in monetary value than the more certain outcome. [1]
The Consumer Price Index was initiated during World War I, when rapid increases in prices, particularly in shipbuilding centers, made an index essential for calculating cost-of-living adjustments in wages. To provide appropriate weighting patterns for the index, it reflected the relative importance of goods and services purchased in 92 ...
Marshallian demand function. In microeconomics, a consumer's Marshallian demand function (named after Alfred Marshall) is the quantity they demand of a particular good as a function of its price, their income, and the prices of other goods, a more technical exposition of the standard demand function. It is a solution to the utility maximization ...
Economics. Consumption is the act of using resources to satisfy current needs and wants. [1] It is seen in contrast to investing, which is spending for acquisition of future income. [2] Consumption is a major concept in economics and is also studied in many other social sciences. Different schools of economists define consumption differently.