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Thus, for a nodule with a size of less than 10 mm the patient will be reevaluated by ultrasound every 3 months, as the growth trend is an indication for completion of investigations with other diagnostic procedures; at a size between 10 – 20 mm two concordant imaging procedures are necessary, supplemented if necessary by an ultrasound guided ...
An adrenocortical adenoma or adrenal adenoma is commonly described as a benign neoplasm emerging from the cells that comprise the adrenal cortex.Like most adenomas, the adrenocortical adenoma is considered a benign tumor since the majority of them are non-functioning and asymptomatic.
An adrenal tumor or adrenal mass [2] is any benign or malignant neoplasms of the adrenal gland, several of which are notable for their tendency to overproduce endocrine hormones. Adrenal cancer is the presence of malignant adrenal tumors, and includes neuroblastoma , adrenocortical carcinoma and some adrenal pheochromocytomas .
Incidences and prognoses of adrenal tumors, [7] with myelolipoma at right. Myelolipomas are rare. They have been reported to be found unexpectedly at autopsy in 0.08% to 0.4% of cases (i.e.: somewhere between 8 per 10,000 and 4 per 1,000 autopsies). They most commonly occur in the adrenal gland, and comprise about 8% of all adrenal tumours. [8]
Most adrenal tumors are noncancerous , often found incidentally as a mass via imaging such as CT scans, MRI, or ultrasound that were taken for other health workups (see incidentaloma). Although these adrenal masses do require evaluation, the majority of them (approximately 80% [ 7 ] ) do not require adrenalectomy.
Given that several liver tumors appear similarly on these imaging modalities, a multi-phase contrast-enhanced imaging study such as CT or MRI may be used to provide more information. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] The significance of making a specific diagnosis is that, unlike other benign liver tumors such as hemangioma and focal nodular hyperplasia, hepatic ...
Two slices of an adrenal gland with a cortical adenoma, from a person with Conn's syndrome. The condition is due to: [14] Bilateral idiopathic (micronodular) adrenal hyperplasia: 66% of cases [1] Adrenal adenoma (Conn's disease): 33% of cases [1] Primary (unilateral) adrenal hyperplasia: 2% of cases
Primary aldosteronism (hyporeninemic hyperaldosteronism) is most often caused by bilateral idiopathic (micronodular) adrenal hyperplasia (almost 70% of cases) [4] and adrenal adenoma (Conn's syndrome) (about 30% of cases). [4] These cause hyperplasia of aldosterone-producing cells of the adrenal cortex resulting in primary hyperaldosteronism.