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A Simplified TCP State Diagram. TCP protocol operations may be divided into three phases. Connection establishment is a multi-step handshake process that establishes a connection before entering the data transfer phase. After data transfer is completed, the connection termination closes the connection and releases all allocated resources.
Handshaking is a technique of communication between two entities. However, within TCP/IP RFCs, the term "handshake" is most commonly used to reference the TCP three-way handshake. For example, the term "handshake" is not present in RFCs covering FTP or SMTP. One exception is Transport Layer Security, TLS, setup, FTP RFC 4217.
The three-way handshake is correctly performed. SYN Flood. The attacker (Mallory, green) sends several packets but does not send the "ACK" back to the server. The connections are hence half-opened and consuming server resources. Legitimate user Alice (purple) tries to connect, but the server refuses to open a connection, a denial of service.
Tcp_state_diagram.svg: dnet derivative work: Marty Pauley ( talk ) This is a retouched picture , which means that it has been digitally altered from its original version.
Multipath TCP adds new mechanisms to TCP transmissions: The subflow system, used to gather multiple standard TCP connections (the paths from one host to another). Subflows are identified during the TCP three-way handshake. After the handshake, an application can add or remove some subflows (subtypes 0x3 and 0x4).
TCP is a connection-oriented protocol which adds complexity and processing overhead. These aspects include: Connection establishment using the "3-way handshake" (SYNchronize; SYNchronize-ACKnowledge; ACKnowledge). Acknowledgment of packets as they are received by the far end, adding to the message flow between the endpoints and thus the ...
TCP is a connection-oriented protocol [4] and sessions are established with a three-way handshake using SYN packets and ended by sending a FIN notification. [5] The firewall can use these unique connection identifiers to know when to remove a session from the state table without waiting for a timeout.
The TCP congestion-avoidance algorithm is the primary basis for congestion control in the Internet. [2] [3] [4] Per the end-to-end principle, congestion control is largely a function of internet hosts, not the network itself.