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The living creatures, living beings, or hayyot (Hebrew: חַיּוֹת, romanized: ḥayyōṯ) are a class of heavenly beings in Jewish mythology. They are described in the prophet Ezekiel's vision of the heavenly chariot in the first and tenth chapters of the Book of Ezekiel. References to the sacred creatures recur in texts of Second Temple ...
A 13th-century ivory carving of Christ in Majesty surrounded by the creatures of the tetramorph, in the Musée de Cluny, Paris. The association of the four living creatures with the four evangelists originated with Irenaeus in the 2nd century. The interpretation of each creature has varied through church history.
[4] The tapestry installed behind the altar, at the north end of the nave in Coventry Cathedral. The tapestry depicts a seated Risen Christ, within an oval mandorla on a green background, surrounded by the four living creatures mentioned in Chapter 4 of the Book of Revelation, which are also symbols of the Four Evangelists.
When surrounding Christ, the figure of the man usually appears at top left—above Christ's right hand, with the lion above Christ's left arm. Underneath the man is the ox and underneath the lion is the eagle. This both reflects the medieval idea of the order of "nobility" of nature of the beasts (man, lion, ox, eagle) and the text of Ezekiel 1:10.
The four living creatures present themselves; each having six wings full of eyes, one having the face of a lion, another as a calf, the third as a man, and the last as an eagle. The first vision that the author experiences is that of entering Heaven and seeing God's throne (Revelation 4:1–6).
"Four living creatures": reflecting a combination of the cherubim in Ezekiel 1 and seraphim in Isaiah 6:2, they function as 'the priests of heavenly temple'. [13] Their song is an adaption of Isaiah 6:3 with the incorporation of 'two of the key designations of God' (cf. Revelation 1:4, 8). [14]
[4] In the Bible outside of Genesis, the term "tree of life" appears in Proverbs (3:18; 11:30; 13:12; 15:4) and Revelation (2:7; 22:2,14,19). It also appears in 2 Esdras and 4 Maccabees , which are included among the Jewish apocrypha. According to the Greek Apocalypse of Moses, the tree of life is also called the Tree of Mercy.
The first class, the beasts, in the Biblical parlance, includes all large, walking animals, with the exception of the amphibia, such small animals as moles, mice and the like, [4] and humans as they were not classified as animals. Beasts are divided into cattle, or domesticated (behemoth in the strict sense), and beasts of the field, i.e. wild ...