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Motivational interviewing (MI) is a counseling approach developed in part by clinical psychologists William R. Miller and Stephen Rollnick. It is a directive, client-centered counseling style for eliciting behavior change by helping clients to explore and resolve ambivalence .
William R. Miller and Stephen Rollnick's textbook on motivational interviewing discusses decisional balance in a chapter titled "Counseling with Neutrality", and describes "decisional balance as a way of proceeding when you wish to counsel with neutrality rather than move toward a particular change goal".
His meta-analysis of the research on treatments of alcohol problems shows a rank ordering of those treatments with the most effective being active and empathic (brief interventions and motivational enhancement), while the least effective are passive (films, lectures) or confrontational. [4]
Motivational enhancement therapy is a strategy of therapy that involves a variation of motivational interviewing to analyze feedback gained from client sessions. Motivational Interviewing was originated by William Miller and Stephen Rollnick based on their experiences treating problem drinkers. [ 4 ]
Similar to MET, motivational interviewing finds 'change talk' very important and the clinician interacts with the patient through open-ended questions, affirmations, reflections, and summaries. There are three key elements that build the foundation of motivational interviewing; collaboration, evocation and autonomy.
Decisional balance sheet; Defensive pessimism; Delayed gratification; Disincentive; Disorders of diminished motivation; A Dissertation on Liberty and Necessity, Pleasure and Pain; Double demotivation; Drive reduction theory (learning theory) Drive: The Surprising Truth About What Motivates Us
As well as motivational interviewing (MI) that is a technique used to help motivate doubtful patients to change their behavior. [45] Lastly combined behavioral intervention (CBI), can be used which involves combining elements of alcohol interventions, motivational interviewing, and functional analysis to help the clinician identify skill ...
Biases have a variety of forms and appear as cognitive ("cold") bias, such as mental noise, [5] or motivational ("hot") bias, such as when beliefs are distorted by wishful thinking. Both effects can be present at the same time. [7] [8]