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  2. Thermometer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermometer

    A thermometer is a device that measures temperature (the hotness or coldness of an object) or temperature gradient (the rates of change of temperature in space). A ...

  3. Temperature measurement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperature_measurement

    Such thermometers are usually calibrated so that one can read the temperature simply by observing the level of the fluid in the thermometer. Another type of thermometer that is not really used much in practice, but is important from a theoretical standpoint, is the gas thermometer. Other important devices for measuring temperature include:

  4. Temperature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperature

    Temperature determines the statistical occupation of the microstates of the ensemble. The microscopic definition of temperature is only meaningful in the thermodynamic limit, meaning for large ensembles of states or particles, to fulfill the requirements of the statistical model. Kinetic energy is also considered as a component of thermal energy.

  5. Thermodynamic instruments - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_instruments

    In fact, this equation is more than a phenomenological equation, it gives an operational, or experimental, definition of temperature. A thermometer is a tool that measures temperature - a primitive thermometer would simply be a small container of an ideal gas, that was allowed to expand against atmospheric pressure.

  6. Thermodynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamics

    The third law of thermodynamics states: As the temperature of a system approaches absolute zero, all processes cease and the entropy of the system approaches a minimum value. This law of thermodynamics is a statistical law of nature regarding entropy and the impossibility of reaching absolute zero of temperature.

  7. Fahrenheit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fahrenheit

    A temperature interval of 1 °F was equal to an interval of 5 ⁄ 9 degrees Celsius. With the Fahrenheit and Celsius scales now both defined by the kelvin, this relationship was preserved, a temperature interval of 1 °F being equal to an interval of 5 ⁄ 9 K and of 5 ⁄ 9 °C. The Fahrenheit and Celsius scales intersect numerically at −40 ...

  8. Mercury-in-glass thermometer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury-in-glass_thermometer

    When the temperature falls, the column of mercury breaks at the constriction and cannot return to the bulb, thus remaining stationary in the tube. The observer can then read the maximum temperature over the set period of time. To reset the thermometer it must be swung sharply. This design is used in the traditional type of medical thermometer.

  9. Infrared thermometer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared_thermometer

    A sailor checking the temperature of a ventilation system. Some typical circumstances are where the object to be measured is moving; where the object is surrounded by an electromagnetic field, as in induction heating; where the object is contained in a vacuum or another controlled atmosphere; or in applications where a fast response is required, the accurate surface temperature is desired or ...