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Sodium reacts with alcohols and gives alkoxides, and when sodium is dissolved in ammonia solution, it can be used to reduce alkynes to trans-alkenes. [75] [76] Lasers emitting light at the sodium D line are used to create artificial laser guide stars that assist in the adaptive optics for land-based visible-light telescopes. [77]
The oxide ZnO is a white powder that is nearly insoluble in neutral aqueous solutions, but is amphoteric, dissolving in both strong basic and acidic solutions. [51] The other chalcogenides (ZnS, ZnSe, and ZnTe) have varied applications in electronics and optics. [63] Pnictogenides (Zn 3 N 2, Zn 3 P 2, Zn 3 As 2 and Zn 3 Sb 2), [64] [65] the ...
Gastrointestinal problems, such as constipation, diarrhea, poor appetite, or weight loss, are common in acute poisoning. Absorption of large amounts of lead over a short time can cause shock (insufficient fluid in the circulatory system ) due to loss of water from the gastrointestinal tract. [ 42 ]
Wollaston found palladium in crude platinum ore from South America by dissolving the ore in aqua regia, neutralizing the solution with sodium hydroxide, and precipitating platinum as ammonium chloroplatinate with ammonium chloride. He added mercuric cyanide to form the compound palladium(II) cyanide, which was heated to extract palladium metal ...
An adult body has 22–26 grams of magnesium, [15] [113] with 60% in the skeleton, 39% intracellular (20% in skeletal muscle), and 1% extracellular. [15] Serum levels are typically 0.7–1.0 mmol/L or 1.8–2.4 mEq /L. Serum magnesium levels may be normal even when intracellular magnesium is deficient.
Like aluminium, copper is recyclable without any loss of quality, both from raw state and from manufactured products. [45] An estimated 80% of all copper ever mined is still in use today. [46] In volume, copper is the third most recycled metal after iron and aluminium. [47] As of 2023, recycled copper supplies about one-third of global demand.
The level of radioactivity is such that during 100 years, the lava's self irradiation (2 × 10 16 α decays per gram and 2 to 5 × 10 5 Gy of β or γ) will fall short of the level required to greatly change the properties of glass (10 18 α decays per gram and 10 8 to 10 9 Gy of β or γ).