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Group of pharmaceuticals that are used to suppress abnormally fast rhythms (tachycardias), such as atrial fibrillation, supraventricular tachycardia and ventricular tachycardia. Type I (sodium channel blockers) Type Ia Ajmaline; Procainamide; Quinidine; Type Ib Lidocaine; Phenytoin; Type Ic Encainide; Flecainide; Propafenone; Type II (beta ...
It was found that procainamide was effective for treating ventricular arrhythmias, but it had the same toxicity profile as quinidine, and it could cause systemic lupus erythematosus-like syndrome. [26] [28] These negative characteristics slowed the search for new antiarrhythmics based on the chemical structure of procainamide. In 1970 only five ...
(The re-entrant rhythm is less likely to interact with tissue that has become refractory). The class III agents exhibit reverse-use dependence (their potency increases with slower heart rates, and therefore improves maintenance of sinus rhythm). Inhibiting potassium channels results in slowed atrial-ventricular myocyte repolarization.
Acecainide has a volume of distribution of 1.5 L/kg that is less than the Vd of procainamide (2.0 L/kg). Also it binds 10% less to proteins than procainamide. Because of this low volume of distribution, it can be concluded that the medicine is thought to be confined in the plasma or liquid parts of the blood. [12] [13]
Indications for Class Ia agents are supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia, symptomatic ventricular premature beats, and prevention of ventricular fibrillation. Procainamide can be used to treat atrial fibrillation in the setting of Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome , and to treat wide complex hemodynamically stable tachycardias .
Sotalol is indicated for the treatment of atrial or ventricular tachyarrhythmias, and AV re-entrant arrhythmias. Ibutilide is the only antiarrhythmic agent currently approved by the Food and Drug Administration for acute conversion of atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm. Azimilide; Bretylium; Clofilium; E-4031; Nifekalant [6] Tedisamil; Sematilide
WPW pattern, Ventricular pre-excitation with arrhythmia, auriculoventricular accessory pathway syndrome [1] [2] Conduction through the accessory pathway results in a delta wave. A characteristic "delta wave" (arrow) seen in a person with Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome. Note the short PR interval. Specialty: Cardiology: Symptoms
Ventricular tachycardia (V-tach or VT) is a cardiovascular disorder in which fast heart rate occurs in the ventricles of the heart. [3] Although a few seconds of VT may not result in permanent problems, longer periods are dangerous; and multiple episodes over a short period of time are referred to as an electrical storm.