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The prison began as Fort 13, part of the fortifications of Bucharest built in the 1870s and 1880s. It served as an arms deposit and garrison until 1907, when people arrested during the peasants' revolt were brought there. It then served as a military prison until 1948.
Jilava is a commune in Ilfov County, Muntenia, Romania, near Bucharest. It is composed of a single village, Jilava. The name derives from a Romanian word of Slavic origin (Bulgarian жилав žilav (tough), which passed into Romanian as jilav) meaning "humid place". In this commune there is an operating prison and also the Fort 13 Jilava.
The Jilava massacre [1] took place during the night of November 26, 1940, at Jilava Prison, near Bucharest, Romania.Sixty-four political detainees were killed by the Iron Guard (Legion), with further high-profile assassinations in the immediate aftermath.
The prison was created from a converted fort built by Carol I of Romania. Adrian Nastase, former Prime Minister of Romania, was held in Jilava prison for 8 months of a 2-year sentence. [2] Pitești Prison: about 1942–1952 Pitești: Political prison: scene of abusive re-education practices 1949–51 Râmnicu Sărat Prison: 1901-1963 Râmnicu ...
Around 9,000 members of the Legionnaires' movement were sentenced to prison. The Legionnaires who led the antisemitic movement in Romania had fallen and never regained power. However, the movement continued even without them, although it was set back for a while, as the atrocities of the Bucharest pogrom gradually became known to the Romanian ...
In the literature on communist prisons and camps in Romania, the Periprava labor camp is described as one of the harshest places of imprisonment. In view of the extremely severe detention and work regime, sheer terror, and high mortality, the camp is known among former detainees as a true " death camp ".
The death of Ion Pistol, shot for aggravated homicide in May 1987, marked the country's last regular execution. [18] Romania's last executions were those of Ceaușescu himself and his wife Elena, following the overthrow of the regime in the Romanian Revolution of 1989; they were subjected to a show trial and then shot by a firing squad. [16]
Romania became a member of NATO and the European Union in 2004 and 2007, respectively. While democratic reforms have proven to be moderately successful, [19] [20] [21] though issues with corruption remain. [22] Economic reforms continue, with Romania still possessing, for example, one of the highest child poverty rates in the developed world ...