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Plasmodium vivax is a protozoal parasite and a human pathogen.This parasite is the most frequent and widely distributed cause of recurring malaria. [2] Although it is less virulent than Plasmodium falciparum, the deadliest of the five human malaria parasites, P. vivax malaria infections can lead to severe disease and death, often due to splenomegaly (a pathologically enlarged spleen).
Plasmodium malariae is a parasitic protozoan that causes malaria in humans. It is one of several species of Plasmodium parasites that infect other organisms as pathogens, also including Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax , responsible for most malarial infection.
Plasmodium vivax was used between 1917 and the 1940s for malariotherapy—deliberate injection of malaria parasites to induce a fever to combat certain diseases such as tertiary syphilis. In 1927, the inventor of this technique, Julius Wagner-Jauregg , received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discoveries.
P. vivax is also known to infect orangutans [20] and the brown howler monkey (Alouatta guariba clamitans) [10] P. vivax has been reported from chimpanzees living in the wild. [13] It has been suggested that vivax infection of the great apes in Africa may act as a reservoir given the prevalence of Duffy antigen negative humans in this area. [21 ...
The area is endemic for malaria. The causative species is Plasmodium falciparum: there is no evidence for the presence of Plasmodium vivax. Blood grouping revealed an absence of both Fy(a) and Fy(b) antigens in two areas and a low prevalence in two others. [52] In the Yemenite Jews the frequency of the Fy allele is 0.5879. [53]
Malaria causes symptoms that typically include fever and headache, which in severe cases can progress to coma or death. Five species of Plasmodium can infect and be transmitted by humans. The vast majority of deaths are caused by P. falciparum and P. vivax, while P. ovale, and P. malariae cause a generally milder form of malaria that is rarely ...
Five different species of Plasmodium cause malaria in humans: Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium ovale, Plasmodium knowlesi and Plasmodium vivax [7] (see Plasmodium). Worldwide, malaria is a leading cause of premature mortality, particularly in children under the age of five, with an estimated 207 million cases and more than ...
[citation needed] The initial focus of MAP centred on predicting the endemicity of Plasmodium falciparum, [5] the most deadly form of the malaria parasite, due to its global epidemiological significance and its better prospects for elimination and control. Work in 2009 began to map the extent and burden of the relatively neglected Plasmodium vivax.