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For a given enzyme concentration and for relatively low substrate concentrations, the reaction rate increases linearly with substrate concentration; the enzyme molecules are largely free to catalyse the reaction, and increasing substrate concentration means an increasing rate at which the enzyme and substrate molecules encounter one another.
The rate of a reaction is the concentration of substrate disappearing (or product produced) per unit time (mol L −1 s −1).. The % purity is 100% × (specific activity of enzyme sample / specific activity of pure enzyme).
The enzyme unit, or international unit for enzyme (symbol U, sometimes also IU) is a unit of enzyme's catalytic activity. [ 1 ] 1 U (μmol/min) is defined as the amount of the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of one micro mole of substrate per minute under the specified conditions of the assay method .
The amount of substrate needed to achieve a given rate of reaction is also important. This is given by the Michaelis–Menten constant (K m), which is the substrate concentration required for an enzyme to reach one-half its maximum reaction rate; generally, each enzyme has a characteristic K M for a given substrate.
in which e is the concentration of free enzyme (not the total concentration) and x is the concentration of enzyme-substrate complex EA. Conservation of enzyme requires that [28] = where is now the total enzyme concentration. After combining the two expressions some straightforward algebra leads to the following expression for the concentration ...
In enzymology, the turnover number (k cat) is defined as the limiting number of chemical conversions of substrate molecules per second that a single active site will execute for a given enzyme concentration [E T] for enzymes with two or more active sites. [1] For enzymes with a single active site, k cat is referred to as the catalytic constant. [2]
Enzyme catalysis is the ... a general effect and is seen in non-addition or transfer reactions where it occurs due to an increase in the "effective concentration" of ...
The horizontal axis is the concentration of the ligand. As the Hill coefficient is increased, the saturation curve becomes steeper. In biochemistry and pharmacology, the Hill equation refers to two closely related equations that reflect the binding of ligands to macromolecules, as a function of the ligand concentration.