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There are various techniques of shading, including cross hatching, where perpendicular lines of varying closeness are drawn in a grid pattern to shade an area. The closer the lines are together, the darker the area appears. Likewise, the farther apart the lines are, the lighter the area appears. Powder shading is a sketching shading
These techniques can be combined with any illumination model: Flat shading; Gouraud shading; Phong shading; Illumination models ... Cel shading; Gooch shading; See also
Hatching (French: hachure) is an artistic technique used to create tonal or shading effects by drawing (or painting or scribing) closely spaced parallel lines.When lines are placed at an angle to one another, it is called cross-hatching.
Cel shading or toon shading is a type of non-photorealistic rendering designed to make 3D computer graphics appear to be flat by using less shading color instead of a shade gradient or tints and shades. A cel shader is often used to mimic the style of a comic book or cartoon and/or give the render a characteristic paper-like texture. [1]
It is possible to modify the depth map test to produce shadows with a soft edge by using a range of values (based on the proximity to the edge of the shadow) rather than simply pass or fail. The shadow mapping technique can also be modified to draw a texture onto the lit regions, simulating the effect of a projector. The picture above captioned ...
Older and more basic 3D rasterization implementations did not support shaders, and used simple shading techniques such as flat shading (lighting is computed once for each triangle, which is then rendered entirely in one color), Gouraud shading (lighting is computed using normal vectors defined at vertices and then colors are interpolated across ...
While lighting techniques offer flexibility in the level of detail and functionality available, they also operate at different levels of computational demand and complexity. Graphics artists can choose from a variety of light sources, models, shading techniques, and effects to suit the needs of each application.
The technique has been widely used in color comic books, especially in the mid 20th century, to inexpensively create shading and secondary colors. [5] [6] [7] The process differs from the halftone dots, which can vary continuously in size to produce gradations of shading or color, and are commonly produced from photographs. Ben Day dots are of ...