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Theobromine poisoning, also informally called chocolate poisoning or cocoa poisoning, is an overdosage reaction to the xanthine alkaloid theobromine, found in chocolate, tea, cola beverages, [1] and some other foods.
Theobromine has no significant stimulant effect on the human central nervous system. [4] It is a bronchodilator and causes relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. [4] It is not currently used as a prescription drug. [5] The amount of theobromine found in chocolate is small enough that chocolate can, in general, be safely consumed by humans.
Paraxanthine, also known as 1,7-dimethylxanthine, is an isomer of theophylline and theobromine, two well-known stimulants found in coffee, tea, and chocolate mainly in the form of caffeine. It is a member of the xanthine family of alkaloids , which includes theophylline, theobromine and caffeine .
7-Methylxanthine (7-MX), also known as heteroxanthine, is an active metabolite of caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) and theobromine (3,7-dimethylxanthine). [1] [2] It is a non-selective antagonist of the adenosine receptors. [1] [2] The compound may slow the progression of myopia (nearsightedness).
Theobromine is a naturally occurring stimulant that dilates blood vessels (instead of constricting them) to increase blood flow, which gives you the same boost of energy that coffee does—except ...
Several stimulants are derived from xanthine, including caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine. [3] [4] Xanthine is a product on the pathway of purine degradation. [2] It is created from guanine by guanine deaminase. It is created from hypoxanthine by xanthine oxidoreductase. It is also created from xanthosine by purine nucleoside phosphorylase.
Its pharmacology is similar to other methylxanthine drugs (e.g., theobromine and caffeine). [1] Trace amounts of theophylline are naturally present in tea, coffee, chocolate, yerba maté, guarana, and kola nut. [1] [3] The name 'theophylline' derives from "Thea"—the former genus name for tea + Legacy Greek φύλλον (phúllon, "leaf") + -ine.
Possible additive effect [3] Chamomile: Blood thinners [23] Devil's Claw: grapple plant, wood spider Harpagophytum: Warfarin Additive effect [3] Ephedra Ephedra: Caffeine, decongestants, stimulants [15] Increases sympathomimetic effect of ephedra [3] Feverfew: featherfew Tanacetum parthenium: Aspirin Additive effect [3] Garlic: Allium sativum ...