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A company will stop producing a product/service when marginal revenue (money the company earns from each additional sale) equals marginal cost (the cost the company costs to produce an additional unit). Therefore, a company is making money when MR is greater than marginal cost (MC). And when MC = MR, it is called profit maximization.
or "marginal revenue" = "marginal cost". A firm with market power will set a price and production quantity such that marginal cost equals marginal revenue. A competitive firm's marginal revenue is the price it gets for its product, and so it will equate marginal cost to price. (′ / +) =
where marginal revenue equals marginal cost. This is usually called the first order conditions for a profit maximum. [2] A monopolist will set a price and production quantity where MC=MR, such that MR is always below the monopoly price set. A competitive firm's MR is the price it gets for its product, and will have Price=MC. According to Samuelson,
The marginal profit per unit of labor equals the marginal revenue product of labor minus the marginal cost of labor or M π L = MRP L − MC L A firm maximizes profits where M π L = 0. The marginal revenue product is the change in total revenue per unit change in the variable input assume labor. [10] That is, MRP L = ∆TR/∆L.
In economics, the marginal cost is the change in the total cost that arises when the quantity produced is increased, i.e. the cost of producing additional quantity. [1] In some contexts, it refers to an increment of one unit of output, and in others it refers to the rate of change of total cost as output is increased by an infinitesimal amount.
Price and total revenue have a positive relationship when demand is inelastic (price elasticity < 1), which means that when price increases, total revenue will increase too. Price and total revenue have a negative relationship when demand is elastic (price elasticity > 1), which means that increases in price will lead to decreases in total revenue.
Netting out fixed costs, a firm then faces the requirement that (total revenue equals or exceeds variable costs), in order to continue operating. Thus, a firm will find it profitable in the short run to operate so long as the market price equals or exceeds average variable cost (p ≥ AVC). [3]
Marginal profit at a particular output level (output being measured along the horizontal axis) is the vertical difference between marginal revenue (green) and marginal cost (blue). In microeconomics , marginal profit is the increment to profit resulting from a unit or infinitesimal increment to the quantity of a product produced.