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Fluoridation does not affect the appearance, taste, or smell of drinking water. [1] It is normally accomplished by adding one of three compounds to the water: sodium fluoride, fluorosilicic acid, or sodium fluorosilicate. Sodium fluoride (NaF) was the first compound used and is the reference standard. [40]
Tap water is commonly used for drinking, cooking, and washing. Indoor tap water is distributed through indoor plumbing, which has been around since antiquity but was available to very few people until the second half of the 19th century when it began to spread in popularity in what are now developed countries.
Sodium fluoride (NaF) is an inorganic compound with the formula Na F.It is a colorless or white solid that is readily soluble in water. It is used in trace amounts in the fluoridation of drinking water to prevent tooth decay, and in toothpastes and topical pharmaceuticals for the same purpose.
Water fluoridation is not mandatory, and while there is a recommended fluoride concentration in drinking water (0.7 milligrams per liter) from the CDC, that level is not an enforceable standard.
While some bottled water is from a spring or filtration system, research shows that nearly 65% of bottled water sold in the U.S. comes from municipal tap water. But Rumpler says there can be ...
That decision does not necessarily mean fluoride must be removed from U.S. drinking water—the EPA can choose to address the situation in a number of ways, including releasing a public notice ...
Fluoride pollution from various industrial emissions can also contaminate water supplies. In a few areas of the United States, fluoride concentrations in water are much higher than normal, mostly from natural sources. In 1986, EPA established a maximum allowable concentration for fluoride in drinking water of 4 milligrams per liter (mg/L).
All vegetation contains some fluoride, which is absorbed from soil and water. [10] Some plants concentrate fluoride from their environment more than others. All tea leaves contain fluoride; however, mature leaves contain as much as 10 to 20 times the fluoride levels of young leaves from the same plant. [18] [19] [20]