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These people have defects usually in either the LDL receptor or apolipoprotein B genes, both of which are responsible for LDL clearance from the blood. [54] Statins remain a first-line treatment in familial hypercholesterolemia, [53] although other cholesterol-reducing measures may be required. [55]
In people with acute coronary syndrome, high-dose atorvastatin treatment may play a plaque-stabilizing role. [ 99 ] [ 100 ] At high doses, statins have anti-inflammatory effects, incite reduction of the necrotic plaque core, and improve endothelial function, leading to plaque stabilization and, sometimes, plaque regression.
In July 2015, the FDA approved alirocumab as a second-line treatment to lower LDL cholesterol for adults who have hereditary high cholesterol and people with atherosclerosis who require additional lowering of LDL cholesterol when diet and statin treatment have not worked. [7] This was the first approval of a PCSK9 inhibitor. [7]
Fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds and whole grains provide nutrients like soluble fiber, unsaturated fats, plant sterols and plant protein, which are particularly beneficial for high cholesterol ...
High cholesterol is one of the major controllable risk factors for coronary heart disease, heart attack and stroke. [ 2 ] The National Institutes of Health created the National Cholesterol Education Program in 1985 to reduce cardiovascular disease rates in the United States by addressing high cholesterol. [ 3 ]
Hyperlipidemia is abnormally high levels of any or all lipids (e.g. fats, triglycerides, cholesterol, phospholipids) or lipoproteins in the blood. [2] The term hyperlipidemia refers to the laboratory finding itself and is also used as an umbrella term covering any of various acquired or genetic disorders that result in that finding. [3]