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The top two bars of the test image help to set correct contrast and brightness values. There are eight three-digit numbers in each bar. A good monitor with proper calibration shows the six numbers on the right in both bars, a cheap monitor shows only four numbers.
This establishes the current offsets in color display. Depending on the calibration software and type of monitor used, the software either creates a correction matrix (i.e. an ICC profile) for color values before being sent to the display or gives instructions for altering the display's brightness/contrast and RGB values through the OSD.
A flat-field image is acquired by imaging a uniformly-illuminated screen, thus producing an image of uniform color and brightness across the frame. For handheld cameras, the screen could be a piece of paper at arm's length, but a telescope will frequently image a clear patch of sky at twilight, when the illumination is uniform and there are few ...
A Contrast Stretching Transformation can be achieved by: Contrast Stretching Transformation Graph reference for derivation. 1. Stretching the dark range of input values into a wider range of output values: This involves increasing the brightness of the darker areas in the image to enhance details and improve visibility. 2.
The "luminance contrast" is the ratio between the higher luminance, L H, and the lower luminance, L L, that define the feature to be detected.This ratio, often called contrast ratio, CR, (actually being a luminance ratio), is often used for high luminances and for specification of the contrast of electronic visual display devices.
Check brightness If the image seems dark or the colors are dull, correct the brightness and contrast using a "levels" or "curves" dialogue. Check graininess If there is excessive image noise (possible with some film scans, and very likely with digital shots taken in low light) try using a noise removal program such as Noise Ninja (commercial ...
The maximum contrast of an image is termed the contrast ratio or dynamic range. In images where the contrast ratio approaches the maximum possible for the medium, there is a conservation of contrast. In such cases, increasing contrast in certain parts of the image will necessarily result in a decrease in contrast elsewhere.
The image modification process is sometimes called color transfer or, when grayscale images are involved, brightness transfer function (BTF); it may also be called photometric camera calibration or radiometric camera calibration. The term image color transfer is a bit of a misnomer since most common algorithms transfer both color and shading ...