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For most sports, injuries are more likely to happen during games than during practice. About 20% of highly competitive young athletes quit because of an injury. [2] Injuries are more likely during competitions than during practice. [11] In addition to the physical impairment itself, injuries can damage the young athlete's mental health. [9]
The velocity of the impact by a hard object is a critical factor for the onset of commotio cordis: impacts at 40 miles per hour (64 kilometres per hour) were the most likely to cause ventricular fibrillation in an animal model. [1] At velocities of 20 miles per hour (32 km/h), ventricular fibrillation did not occur.
The most immediate injury caused by asphyxia is hypoxia, which can in turn cause acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome as well as damage to the circulatory system. The most severe injury associated with asphyxiation is cerebral hypoxia and ischemia , in which the brain receives insufficient oxygen or blood, resulting in ...
Common cardiac causes include coronary artery disease, non-atherosclerotic coronary artery abnormalities, structural heart damage, and inherited arrhythmias. Common non-cardiac causes include respiratory arrest, diabetes, medications, and trauma. The most common mechanism underlying sudden cardiac arrest is an arrhythmia (an irregular rhythm). [30]
A major cause of neuronal injury is the release of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. The concentration of glutamate outside the cells of the nervous system is normally kept low by so-called uptake carriers, which are powered by the concentration gradients of ions (mainly Na + ) across the cell membrane.
Intentional injury is a common cause of traumas. [13] Penetrating trauma is caused when a foreign body such as a bullet or a knife enters the body tissue, creating an open wound. In the United States, most deaths caused by penetrating trauma occur in urban areas and 80% of these deaths are caused by firearms. [14]
A forceful medial blow to the knee can cause collateral ligament injury. A reduction in range of motion and pain are symptoms of collateral ligament injury. [23] Meniscus injuries: acute or repeated injury to the meniscus – the shock absorber of the knee – causes meniscus injuries. A person with meniscus injuries experiences difficulty ...
Injury is physiological damage to the living tissue of any organism, whether in humans, in other animals, or in plants. Injuries can be caused in many ways, including mechanically with penetration by sharp objects such as teeth or with blunt objects , by heat or cold, or by venoms and biotoxins .