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Kinematics is a subfield of physics and mathematics, developed in classical mechanics, that describes the motion of points, bodies (objects), and systems of bodies (groups of objects) without considering the forces that cause them to move.
In physics and engineering, kinetics is the branch of classical mechanics that is concerned with the relationship between the motion and its causes, specifically, forces and torques. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Since the mid-20th century, the term " dynamics " (or " analytical dynamics ") has largely superseded "kinetics" in physics textbooks, [ 4 ...
In classical mechanics, a kinematic pair is a connection between two physical objects that imposes constraints on their relative movement ().German engineer Franz Reuleaux introduced the kinematic pair as a new approach to the study of machines [1] that provided an advance over the notion of elements consisting of simple machines.
There are two main descriptions of motion: dynamics and kinematics.Dynamics is general, since the momenta, forces and energy of the particles are taken into account. In this instance, sometimes the term dynamics refers to the differential equations that the system satisfies (e.g., Newton's second law or Euler–Lagrange equations), and sometimes to the solutions to those equations.
The configuration space and the phase space of the dynamical system both are Euclidean spaces, i. e. they are equipped with a Euclidean structure.The Euclidean structure of them is defined so that the kinetic energy of the single multidimensional particle with the unit mass = is equal to the sum of kinetic energies of the three-dimensional particles with the masses , …,:
The theory is based on two postulates: (1) that the mathematical forms of the laws of physics are invariant in all inertial systems; and (2) that the speed of light in vacuum is constant and independent of the source or observer. Reconciling the two postulates requires a unification of space and time into the frame-dependent concept of spacetime.
In such a definition, electromagnetic radiation and kinetic energy (or heat) are not considered "matter". In some situations, matter may indeed be converted to non-matter forms of energy (see above), but in all these situations, the matter and non-matter forms of energy still retain their original mass.
The two-body problem is solved by formulas involving parameters; their values can be changed to study the class of all solutions, that is, the mathematical structure of the problem. Moreover, an accurate mental or drawn picture can be made for the motion of two bodies, and it can be as real and accurate as the real bodies moving and interacting.