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Hibernation is a state of minimal activity and metabolic depression undergone by some animal species. Hibernation is a seasonal heterothermy characterized by low body-temperature, slow breathing and heart-rate, and low metabolic rate. It is most commonly used to pass through winter months – called overwintering.
A fecal plug (sometimes referred to as a tappen) is a significant biological phenomenon observed in bears and other animals during hibernation.It is a dense mass of hardened feces that forms in the colon due to having remained in the intestine so long that the intestinal walls have absorbed the fluids out of it, leaving it dry and hard. [1]
Many mammals (including some primates) hibernate, and the strategy can be seen across the animal kingdom—even occurring in the summer in a process known as estivation.
Some animals seasonally go into long periods of inactivity, with reduced body temperature and metabolism, made up of multiple bouts of torpor. This is known as hibernation if it occurs during winter or aestivation if it occurs during the summer. Daily torpor, on the other hand, is not seasonally dependent and can be an important part of energy ...
While bears do sleep more, slow down activity-wise, and eat less during winter months, they can still be found up and about looking for food and being bears. Bears and most other animals that ...
During hibernation, the animal undergoes many physiological changes, including decreased heart rate (by as much as 95%) and decreased body temperature. [2] In addition to shivering, some hibernating animals also produce body heat by non-shivering thermogenesis to avoid freezing. Non-shivering thermogenesis is a regulated process in which the ...
When compared with animals, the effects of seasonality on human sleep were thought to amount to little to none until recently when a study published in February 2023 found otherwise: The 188 ...
Animals that are forced to eat during their resting period show increased body mass and altered expression of clock and metabolic genes. [ 151 ] [ 149 ] In humans, shift work that favours irregular eating times is associated with altered insulin sensitivity, diabetes and higher body mass.