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The African independence movements took place in the 20th century, when a wave of struggles for independence in European-ruled African territories were witnessed. Notable independence movements took place: Algeria (former French Algeria), see Algerian War; Angola (former Portuguese Angola), see Portuguese Colonial War
Affirms that independence is a prerequisite to all economic development; Declares that the peoples of Africa are determined to work for the economic development and liberation of Africa, for the benefit and under the control of the masses; Recommends to the independent African states: I.
Kenneth Kaunda, a leading Zambian independence activist, pictured at a political rally in Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia) in 1960.. African nationalism is an umbrella term which refers to a group of political ideologies in West, Central, East and Southern Africa, which are based on the idea of national self-determination and the creation of nation states. [1]
Scramble for Africa: Africa in the years 1880 and 1913, just before the First World War. The Scramble for Africa between 1870 and 1914 was a significant period of European imperialism in Africa that ended with almost all of Africa, and its natural resources, claimed as colonies by European powers, who raced to secure as much land as possible while avoiding conflict amongst themselves.
Women's roles in African independence movements were diverse and varied by each country. Many women believed that their liberation was directly linked to the liberation of their countries. [1] Women participated in various anti-colonial roles, ranging from grassroots organising to providing crucial support during the struggle for independence.
Pio Gama Pinto (31 March 1927 – 24 February 1965) was a Kenyan journalist, politician and freedom fighter. He was a socialist leader who was key in Kenya's struggle for independence.
The struggle for political sovereignty in Eastern Africa, 1945 to independence Michael Twaddle (U.K.) with Lucille Rabearimanana (Madagascar) and Isaria Ndelahiyosa Kimambo (Tanzania) 10 Southern Africa since 1945 David Chanaiwa (Zimbabwe) 11 Economic changes in Africa in the world context Catherine Coquery-Vidrovitch (France) 12
The Zambian African National Congress won 10 seats, and the National Progressive Party won all the 10 seats reserved for whites. [38] Kenneth Kaunda was elected Prime Minister, and later the same year president, as the country adopted a presidential system. Kaunda adopted an ideology of African socialism, close to that of Julius Nyerere in ...