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The neighborhood effect is an economic and social science concept that posits that neighbourhoods have either a direct or an indirect effect on individual behaviors. . Although the effect of the neighbourhood was already known and studied at the beginning of the 20th century [1] and as early as the mid-19th century, [2] it has become a popular approach after the publication of the book The ...
Robert Greenstein wrote that "The Truly Disadvantaged should spur critical rethinking in many quarters about the causes and potential remedies for inner city poverty. As policy makers grapple with the problems of an enlarged underclass, they - as well as community leaders and concerned Americans of all races - would be advised to examine Mr. Wilson's incisive analysis."
The philosophical foundations of modern urban sociology originate from the work of sociologists such as Karl Marx, Ferdinand Tönnies, Émile Durkheim, Max Weber and Georg Simmel who studied and theorized the economic, social and cultural processes of urbanization and its effects on social alienation, class formation, and the production or ...
Gentrification is a common and controversial topic in urban politics and planning. Gentrification often increases the economic value of a neighborhood, but can be controversial due to changing demographic composition and potential displacement of incumbent residents. [ 1 ]
Research also indicates that areas of concentrated poverty can have effects beyond the neighborhood in question, affecting surrounding neighborhoods not classified as "high-poverty" and subsequently limiting their overall economic potential and social cohesion. Concentrated poverty is a global phenomenon, with prominent examples world-wide. [3]
It is measured in relation to the 'poverty line' or the lowest amount of money needed to sustain human life. [2] Relative poverty is "the inability to afford the goods, services, and activities needed to fully participate in a given society." [2] Relative poverty still results in bad health outcomes because of the diminished agency of the ...
These approaches target the consequences rather than the causes of segregation, and rely on the assumption that one of the most harmful effects of spatial inequality is the lack of access to employment opportunities. In conclusion, a common feature in all of these is the investment in the capital and infrastructure of inner-city or neighborhood ...
The Moral Basis of a Backward Society (1958) Government and Housing in Metropolitan Areas, with Morton M. Grodzins (1958) A Report on the Politics of Boston, with Martha Derthick (1960) Political Influence (1961/1982/2003) Urban Government: A Reader in Politics and Administration (1961) City Politics, with James Q. Wilson (1963)