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Babies born prematurely (before 37 weeks) often exhibit less symptoms or in less severity than those born at full term (38 to 42 weeks). This is due to being exposed to the drug for a lesser period of time during pregnancy. Premature babies with NAS tend to recover at a much faster rate than a full term baby would. [4]
Prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE), theorized in the 1970s, occurs when a pregnant woman uses cocaine including crack cocaine and thereby exposes her fetus to the drug.Babies whose mothers used cocaine while pregnant supposedly have increased risk of several different health issues during growth and development and are colloquially known as crack babies.
The number of babies born with severe birth defects connected with fentanyl use during pregnancy is rising. Scientists now have strong evidence linking the drug to abnormalities in newborns.
It is debated whether the entire antipsychotic drug class causes true physical dependency, a subset, or if none do. [38] But, if discontinued too rapidly, it could cause an acute withdrawal syndrome. [39] When talking about illicit drugs rebound withdrawal, especially with stimulants, it is sometimes referred to as "coming down" or "crashing".
A protracted withdrawal syndrome can occur with symptoms persisting for months to years after cessation of substance use. Benzodiazepines , opioids, alcohol, and any other drug may induce prolonged withdrawal and have similar effects, with symptoms sometimes persisting for years after cessation of use.
[1] [2]: Overview tab, [8] It results in a baby born without signs of life. [9] A stillbirth can often result in the feeling of guilt or grief in the mother. [10] The term is in contrast to miscarriage, which is an early pregnancy loss, [11] and sudden infant death syndrome, where the baby dies a short time after being born alive. [10]
Drug withdrawal, drug withdrawal syndrome, or substance withdrawal syndrome [1] is the group of symptoms that occur upon the abrupt discontinuation or decrease in the intake of pharmaceutical or recreational drugs. In order for the symptoms of withdrawal to occur, one must have first developed a form of drug dependence.
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the sudden death of an infant that is unexplainable by the infant's history. The death also remains unexplainable upon autopsy. Infants exposed to smoke, both during pregnancy and after birth, are found to be more at risk of SIDS due to the increased levels of nicotine often found in SIDS cases.