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Cleanthes (/ k l i ˈ æ n θ iː z /; Ancient Greek: Κλεάνθης; c. 330 BC – c. 230 BC), of Assos, was a Greek Stoic philosopher and boxer who was the successor to Zeno of Citium as the second head of the Stoic school in Athens. Originally a boxer, he came to Athens where he took up philosophy, listening to Zeno's lectures.
Pneuma (πνεῦμα) is an ancient Greek word for "breath", and in a religious context for "spirit". [1] [2] It has various technical meanings for medical writers and philosophers of classical antiquity, particularly in regard to physiology, and is also used in Greek translations of ruach רוח in the Hebrew Bible, and in the Greek New Testament.
Cleanthes, wishing to give more explicit meaning to Zeno's "creative fire", had been the first to hit upon the term pneuma, or "spirit", to describe it. Like fire, this intelligent "spirit" was imagined as a tenuous substance akin to a current of air or breath, but essentially possessing the quality of warmth; it was immanent in the universe as ...
Title page David Hume. Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion is a philosophical work by the Scottish philosopher David Hume, first published in 1779.Through dialogue, three philosophers named Demea, Philo, and Cleanthes debate the nature of God's existence.
The Stoic philosopher Cleanthes described the world soul in his "Hymn to Zeus", where he praises Zeus (a personification of the logos) for harmonizing the cosmos and ensuring its rational order. [16] Chrysippus , another prominent Stoic, further developed the idea of the world soul, arguing that it is the animating principle that ensures the ...
Cleanthes: 330-230 BC Stoic: Clearchus of Soli: 4th/3rd century BC (fl. 320 BC) Peripatetic: Cleinias of Tarentum: 4th century BC Pythagorean: Cleomedes: Stoic: Cleomenes: fl. c. 300 BC Cynic: Clinomachus: 4th century BC Megarian: Clitomachus: 187 - 109 BC Academic skeptic: Colotes: 320-268 BC Epicurean: Crantor: born c. 350 BC Academic ...
In terms of its etymology, eudaimonia is an abstract noun derived from the words eû (good, well) and daímōn (spirit or deity). [2]Semantically speaking, the word δαίμων (daímōn) derives from the same root of the Ancient Greek verb δαίομαι (daíomai, "to divide") allowing the concept of eudaimonia to be thought of as an "activity linked with dividing or dispensing, in a good way".
Cleanthes (of Assos) (331–232 BC) Second leader of the Stoic school Eratosthenes (of Cyrene) (fl. 225 BC) Pupil of Aristo. Chief librarian at Alexandria: Hermagoras of Amphipolis: fl. c. 225 BC) Stoic philosopher and follower of Persaeus of Citium Chrysippus (of Soli) (c. 280–c. 206 BC) Third leader of the Stoic school. Wrote 705 books