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Third party, or minor party, is a term used in the United States' two-party system for political parties other than the Republican and Democratic parties. The winner take all system for presidential elections and the single-seat plurality voting system for Congressional elections have over time helped establish the two-party system.
As with the preceding Second Party System era, the Third was characterized by intense voter interest, routinely high voter turnout, unflinching party loyalty, dependence on nominating conventions, hierarchical party organizations, and the systematic use of government jobs as patronage for party workers, known as the spoils system.
Approval Voting Party: Colorado Electoral reform [31] 2016 4,846 2,196 (0.001%) Colorado Center Party: Colorado [32] Centrism: 2022 [32] Center: 2,375 Conservative Party of New York State: New York Conservatism [33] 1962 Right-wing: 154,128 Independent Party of Louisiana: Louisiana Centrism: 2016 Center: 147,941 United Kansas: Kansas Centrism ...
An electoral system (or voting system) is a set of rules that determine how elections and referendums are conducted and how their results are determined.. Some electoral systems elect a single winner (single candidate or option), while others elect multiple winners, such as members of parliament or boards of directors.
Each party competes for votes from the enfranchised constituents (those allowed to vote). A multi-party system prevents the leadership of a single party from controlling a single legislative chamber without challenge. A system where only two parties have a realistic possibility of winning an election is called a two-party system.
State results where a major-party candidate received above 1% of the state popular vote from a third party cross-endorsement (1896–present) It is rare for candidates, other than those of the six parties which have succeeded as major parties ( Federalist Party , Democratic-Republican Party , National Republican Party , Democratic Party , Whig ...
Plurality voting is the most common voting system, and has been in widespread use since the earliest democracies.As plurality voting has exhibited weaknesses from its start, especially as soon as a third party joins the race, some individuals turned to transferable votes (facilitated by contingent ranked ballots) to reduce the incidence of wasted votes and unrepresentative election results.
In a voting system that uses multiple votes (Plurality block voting), the voter can vote for any subset of the running candidates. So, a voter might vote for Alice, Bob, and Charlie, rejecting Daniel and Emily. Approval voting uses such multiple votes. In a voting system that uses a ranked vote, the voter ranks the candidates in order of ...