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Air traffic control (ATC) is a service provided by ground-based air traffic controllers who direct aircraft on the ground and through a given section of controlled airspace, and can provide advisory services to aircraft in non-controlled airspace. The primary purpose of ATC is to prevent collisions, organize and expedite the flow of traffic in ...
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The United States has 22 Air Route Traffic Control Centers (ARTCC). [1] They are operated by and are part of the Federal Aviation Administration of the U.S. Department of Transportation.
Air traffic controllers (ATCs) are people responsible for the coordination of traffic in their assigned airspace.Typically stationed in air traffic control centers or control towers, they monitor the position, speed, and altitude of aircraft and communicate with the pilots via radio.
Controller–pilot data link communication (CPDLC) is a means of communication between controller and pilot, using data link for ATC communication. At the highest level, the concept is simple, with the emphasis on the continued involvement of the human at either end and the flexibility of use.
The primary radar's main function is to determine the location, the bearing and range to the aircraft. Air traffic controllers continuously monitor the positions of all the aircraft on the radar screen, and give directions to the pilots by radio to maintain a safe and orderly flow of air traffic in the airspace.
The main industry standards describing the operation of the FANS-1/A products are ARINC 622 and EUROCAE ED-100/RTCA DO-258. Both the new Airbus A380 and Boeing 787 have FANS-1/A capability. ATC services are now provided to FANS 1/A equipped aircraft in other oceanic airspaces, such as the North Atlantic.
A flight service station (FSS) [1] is an air traffic facility that provides information and services to aircraft pilots before, during, and after flights, but unlike air traffic control (ATC), is not responsible for giving instructions or clearances or providing separation. They do, however, relay clearances from ATC for departure or approaches.