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Although 80 to 90% of children will have a long term complete response with treatment, [45]: 1527 it remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among children. [82] 85% of cases are of B-cell lineage and have an equal number of cases in both males and females. The remaining 15% of T-cell lineage have a male predominance.
In children under 15 in first-world countries, the five-year survival rate is greater than 60% or even 90%, depending on the type of leukemia. [13] In children who are cancer-free five years after diagnosis of acute leukemia, the cancer is unlikely to return. [13] In 2015, leukemia was present in 2.3 million people worldwide and caused 353,500 ...
In 2017, the Global Burden of Disease study said that an estimated 220 million people needed preventive chemotherapy for onchocerciasis. Of those infected, 14.6 million had skin disease, and 1.15 million experienced vision loss. [61] Onchocerciasis is the second leading cause of blindness from infectious causes.
Safety concerns regarding the long term effects of chemotherapy remains a concern. Side effects of the VAC regimen include nausea, vomiting, liver damage, and immune system suppression. [36] The length and dosing of the chemotherapy is oftentimes on a case-by-case basis based on the person's stage of cancer, site of tumor and age.
The term childhood disease refers to disease that is contracted or becomes symptomatic before the age of 18 or 21 years old. Many of these diseases can also be contracted by adults. Some childhood diseases include:
This variant is not related to HIV infection [39] [40] and is a more aggressive disease that infiltrates the skin extensively. [39] [41] African lymphadenopathic Kaposi sarcoma is aggressive, occurring in children under 10 years of age, presenting with lymph node involvement, with or without skin lesions. [35]: 599
Toxocariasis is a parasitic disease of the eye associated with exposure to infected puppies, which causes a retinal lesion leading to retinal detachment. 4. Retinopathy of prematurity is associated with low-birth-weight infants who receive supplemental oxygen in the period immediately after birth, and it involves damage to the retinal tissue ...
Further, it caused 1.8 million deaths in 2020 alone. [3] In those aged 14 or younger, leukaemia is the most frequent form of malignancy with the brain and nervous system subsequent. [26] These individuals account for approximately 1% of the cancer mortality rate – about 110,000 children each year. [28]