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Nine Dragons (九龍圖卷; Jiǔlóngtú juǎn) is a handscroll painting by Chinese artist Chen Rong. [1] Painted in 1244, it depicts the apparitions of dragons soaring amidst clouds, mists, whirlpools, rocky mountains and fire, the painting refers to the dynamic forces of nature in Daoism and the liquid, water-like essence of the Tao. [2]
The painting is in a rectangular shape, 37.5 cm in height and 28 cm in width. The silk cloth is dark brown in colour with a flat-line pattern. It is both one of the oldest Chinese paintings and one of the oldest silk paintings in existence.
Chen Rong (simplified Chinese: 陈容; traditional Chinese: 陳容; pinyin: Chén Róng; Wade–Giles: Ch'en Jung; c. 1200 –1266) [1] was a Chinese painter and politician of the Southern Song dynasty celebrated for his depictions of dragons.
Chinese dragons [note 2] C-shaped dragon/ Ring-like dragon Hong (rainbow-dragon) Hongshan Jade dragon Panlong [4] Shuanglong [14] Zhulong Curly and coiled dragon Azure dragon: Kuilong (夔龙) [4] Panchi [4] Zisunlong (子孙龙) Long dragon or mang dragon: 3-clawed dragons/ 4-clawed dragons, also called mang (蟒, lit. "python")/ 5-clawed dragons
The ancient Chinese self-identified as "the gods of the dragon" because the Chinese dragon is an imagined reptile that represents evolution from the ancestors and qi energy. [10] Dragon-like motifs of a zoomorphic composition in reddish-brown stone have been found at the Chahai site (Liaoning) in the Xinglongwa culture (6200–5400 BC). [ 2 ]
The "Six principles of Chinese painting" were established by Xie He, a writer, art historian and critic in 5th century China, in "Six points to consider when judging a painting" (繪畫六法, Pinyin: Huìhuà Liùfǎ), taken from the preface to his book "The Record of the Classification of Old Painters" (古畫品錄; Pinyin: Gǔhuà Pǐnlù ...