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A normal nonstress test will show a baseline fetal heart rate between 110 and 160 beats per minute with moderate variability (5- to 25-interbeat variability) and 2 qualifying accelerations in 20 minutes with no decelerations. "Reactive" is defined as the presence of two or more fetal heart rate accelerations within a 20-minute period. Each ...
During uterine contractions, fetal oxygenation is worsened. Late decelerations in fetal heart rate occurring during uterine contractions are associated with increased fetal death rate, growth retardation and neonatal depression. [1] [2] This test assesses fetal heart rate in response to uterine contractions via electronic fetal monitoring.
External cardiotocography can be used for continuous or intermittent monitoring. The fetal heart rate and the activity of the uterine muscle are detected by two transducers placed on the mother's abdomen, with one above the fetal heart to monitor heart rate, and the other at the fundus of the uterus
AWHONN also publishes multiple evidence-based nursing guidelines for use by nurses caring for women and newborns. These evidence-based guidelines cover topics like fetal heart rate monitoring , labor induction , neonatal skin care, [ 4 ] care of the late preterm infant, [ 5 ] breastfeeding , HPV counseling, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia , nursing ...
Monitoring the fetal heart rate is becoming increasingly prevalent in the standard care of antepartum pregnant patients. [8] As of 2002, 85% of pregnancies in the United States were monitored using electronic fetal monitoring.
Antenatal fetal heart rate monitoring using cardiotocography; Vibroacoustic stimulation, fetal movement counting; Home vs. hospital-based bed rest and monitoring in high-risk pregnancy; In-hospital fetal surveillance unit; Use of the partograph during labor; Cardiotocography during labor with or without pulse oximetry
The presence of these biophysical variables implies absence of significant central nervous system hypoxemia/acidemia at the time of testing. By comparison, a compromised fetus typically exhibits loss of accelerations of the fetal heart rate (FHR), decreased body movement and breathing, hypotonia, and, less acutely, decreased amniotic fluid volume.
The condition is detected most often with electronic fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring through cardiotocography (CTG), which allows clinicians to measure changes in the fetal cardiac response to declining oxygen. [1] [5] [4] Specifically, heart rate decelerations detected on CTG can represent danger to the fetus and to delivery. [4]