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In the C standard library, the character reading functions such as getchar return a value equal to the symbolic value (macro) EOF to indicate that an end-of-file condition has occurred. The actual value of EOF is implementation-dependent and must be negative (but is commonly −1, such as in glibc [ 2 ] ).
The End-of-Text character (ETX) is a control character used to inform the receiving computer that the end of a record has been reached. This may or may not be an indication that all of the data in a record have been received.
The C programming language provides many standard library functions for file input and output.These functions make up the bulk of the C standard library header <stdio.h>. [1] The functionality descends from a "portable I/O package" written by Mike Lesk at Bell Labs in the early 1970s, [2] and officially became part of the Unix operating system in Version 7.
O_APPEND data written will be appended to the end of the file. The file operations will always adjust the position pointer to the end of the file. O_CREAT Create the file if it does not exist; otherwise the open fails setting errno to ENOENT. O_EXCL Used with O_CREAT if the file already exists, then fail, setting errno to EEXIST.
Historically, under PDP-6 monitor, [2] RT-11, VMS, and TOPS-10, [3] and in early PC CP/M 1 and 2 operating systems (and derivatives like MP/M) it was necessary to explicitly mark the end of a file (EOF) because the native filesystem could not record the exact file size by itself; files were allocated in extents (records) of a fixed size, typically leaving some allocated but unused space at the ...
For most file systems, a program terminates access to a file in a filesystem using the close system call. This flushes file buffers, updates file metadata , which may include and end-of-file indicator in the data; de-allocates resources associated with the file (including the file descriptor ) and updates the system wide table of files in use.
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tail has two special command line option -f and -F (follow) that allows a file to be monitored. Instead of just displaying the last few lines and exiting, tail displays the lines and then monitors the file. As new lines are added to the file by another process, tail updates the display. This is particularly useful for monitoring log files.