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Social deprivation is the reduction or prevention of culturally normal interaction between an individual and the rest of society. This social deprivation is included in a broad network of correlated factors that contribute to social exclusion; these factors include mental illness, poverty, poor education, and low socioeconomic status, norms and values.
In the first half of the 20th century, hospitalism was discovered to be linked to social deprivation between an infant and its caregiver. [3] The term was in use in 1945, but the term can be traced back as early as 1897. [4] It appears under adjustment disorders at F43.2, in the World Health Organization's classification of diseases, ICD-10. [5]
In 2014, Fox co-authored with Charles Nelson and Charles H. Zeanah Romania's abandoned children: deprivation, brain development, and the struggle for recovery, [12] a book reporting findings related to The Bucharest Early Intervention Project. The Bucharest Early Intervention Project aimed to understand effects of social deprivation on infants.
The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) defines children living in poverty as those that "experience deprivation of the material, spiritual and emotional resources needed to survive, develop and thrive, leaving them unable to enjoy their rights, achieve their full potential or participate as full and equal members of society."
In an alternative conceptualization, social exclusion theoretically emerges at the individual or group level on four correlated dimensions: insufficient access to social rights, material deprivation, limited social participation and a lack of normative integration. It is then regarded as the combined result of personal risk factors (age, gender ...
In accordance with the prevailing social realities of his time, namely the assumption that the daily care of infants and small children was undertaken by women and in particular, mothers, Bowlby referred primarily to mothers and "maternal" deprivation, although the words "parents" and "parental" are also used. [2]
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