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Humic substances account for 50 – 90% of cation exchange capacity in soils. "Humic substances" is an umbrella term covering humic acid, fulvic acid and humin, which differ in solubility. By definition, humic acid (HA) is soluble in water at neutral and alkaline pH, but insoluble at acidic pH < 2. Fulvic acid (FA) is soluble in water at any pH.
The benefits of compost include providing nutrients to crops as fertilizer, acting as a soil conditioner, increasing the humus or humic acid contents of the soil, and introducing beneficial microbes that help to suppress pathogens in the soil and reduce soil-borne diseases.
Humic substances are classified into three genera based on their solubility in acids and alkalis, and also according to their stability: Fulvic acid is the genus that contains the matter that has the lowest molecular weight, is soluble in acids and alkalis, and is susceptible to microbial action.
Chelating agents and humic acid have been shown to increase nutrient uptake. [ 84 ] [ 71 ] Additionally, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), which are regularly utilized in field and greenhouse agriculture, have been shown to benefit hydroponic plant growth development and nutrient acquisition. [ 85 ]
The International Humic Substances Society was founded in Denver, Colorado, USA, on September 11, 1981 by scientists who saw a need for a society to bring together scientists in the coal, soil, and water with interest in humic substances, and to provide opportunities for them to exchange ideas .
A primary element of organic lawn management is the use of compost [2] and compost tea to reduce the need for fertilization and to encourage healthy soil that enables turf to resist pests. [3] A second element is mowing tall (3" – 4") to suppress weeds and encourage deep grass roots, [4] and leaving grass clippings and leaves on the lawn as ...