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The goodness of God means that "God is the final standard of good, and all that God is and does is worthy of approval." [ 12 ] Many theologians consider the goodness of God as an overarching attribute - Louis Berkhof , for example, sees it as including kindness , love , grace , mercy and longsuffering . [ 13 ]
The Immutability or Unchangeability of God is an attribute that "God is unchanging in his character, will, and covenant promises." [1] The Westminster Shorter Catechism says that "[God] is a spirit, whose being, wisdom, power, holiness, justice, goodness, and truth are infinite, eternal, and unchangeable." Those things do not change.
Stained glass window at Christ Church Cathedral in Dublin, depicting the Fruit of the Holy Spirit along with Biblical role models representing them: the Good Shepherd representing love, an angel holding a scroll with the Gloria in excelsis Deo representing joy and Jesus Christ, Job representing longsuffering, Jonathan faith, Ruth gentleness and goodness, Moses meekness, and John the Baptist ...
The relationship between these two classes is such that the incommunicable attributes qualify all the communicable attributes, thus, God is infinite, eternal and unchangeable in his being, wisdom, power, holiness, justice, goodness and truth, following the classic definition of God in the Westminster Shorter Catechism. [75]
The being of God is identical to the "attributes" of God.Characteristics such as omnipresence, goodness, truth and eternity are identical to God's being, not qualities that make up that being as a collection or abstract entities inherent to God as in a substance; in God, essence and existence are the same.
A theodicy is an attempt "to reconcile the power and goodness attributed to God with the presence of evil in the human experience." [42] The Bible attributes both "power" and "goodness" to God. [43] The free-will theodicy, first developed by Augustine, defends God by placing all the blame for evil on "the misuse of free will by human beings."
The thirteen attributes are alluded to a number of other times in the Bible. Verses where God is described using all or some of the attributes include Numbers 14:18, Joel 2:13, Jonah 4:2, Micah 7:18, Nahum 1:3, Psalms 86:15, 103:8, 145:8, and Nehemiah 9:17.
The attributes of God must, Paley argues, be 'adequate to the magnitude, extent, and multiplicity of his operations'. Chapter XXV. Of the Unity of the Deity Paley argues that the uniformity of plan seen in the universe indicates a single God. Chapter XXVI. The Goodness of the Deity