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The Tamil letters thereafter evolved towards a more rounded form and by the 5th or 6th century, they had reached a form called the early vaṭṭeḻuttu. [10] The modern Tamil script does not, however, descend from that script. [11]
Extended-Tamil script or Tamil-Grantha refers to a script used to write the Tamil language before the 20th century Tamil purist movement. [1] Tamil-Grantha is a mixed-script: a combination of the conservative-Tamil script that independently evolved from pre-Pallava script, combined with consonants imported from a later-stage evolved Grantha script (from Pallava-Grantha) to write non-Tamil ...
The Tamil purist movement of the colonial era sought to purge the Grantha script from use and use the Tamil script exclusively. According to Kailasapathy, this was a part of Tamil nationalism and amounted to regional ethnic chauvinism. [12]
Royal inscriptions were also engraved on copper-plates as were the Indian copper plate inscriptions. The Edicts of Ashoka contain Brahmi script and its regional variant, Tamil-Brahmi, was an early script used in the inscriptions in cave walls of Tamil Nadu and later evolved into the Tamil Vatteluttu alphabet. [16]
Tamil inscriptions in caves, Mangulam, Madurai district, Tamil Nadu, 3rd century BCE. [ 13 ] [ 14 ] [ 15 ] There are five caves in the hill of which six inscriptions are found in four caves. [ 16 ] The inscriptions mentions that workers of Nedunchezhiyan I , a Pandyan king of Sangam period, (c. 270 BCE) made stone beds for Jain monks.
Vatteluttu probably started developing from Tamil-Brahmi from around the 4th or 5th century AD. [2] [9] [10] The earliest forms of the script have been traced to memorial stone inscriptions from the 4th century AD. [2] It is distinctly attested in a number of inscriptions in Tamil Nadu from the 6th century AD. [4]
The Pallava script, or Pallava Grantha, is a Brahmic script named after the Pallava dynasty of Southern India and is attested to since the 4th century CE.In India, the Pallava script evolved from Tamil-Brahmi. [2]
Simplified Tamil script or Reformed Tamil script refers to several governmental reforms to the Tamil script. In 1978, the Government of Tamil Nadu reformed certain syllables of the modern Tamil script with view to simplify the script. [1] It aimed to standardize non-standard ligatures of ஆ ā, ஒ o, ஓ ō and ஐ ai syllables. [2]