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The Central Valleys of Oaxaca, the cradle of Zapotec civilization, are three broad valleys—Etla in the west, Ocotlán in the south and Mitla in the east—that join at an altitude of about 4500 feet above sea level in the center of what today is the state of Oaxaca. They are located about 200 km south of Mexico City.
The Zapotecs call themselves Bën Za, which means “The People.”. For decades it was believed that the exonym Zapotec came from the Nahuatl tzapotēcah (singular tzapotēcatl), which means "inhabitants of the place of sapote".
Mitla is the second-most important archeological site in the state of Oaxaca in Mexico, and the most important of the Zapotec culture. [1] [2] The site is located 44 km from the city of Oaxaca, [3] in the upper end of the Tlacolula Valley, one of the three cold, high valleys that form the Central Valleys Region of the state. [4]
The Zapotecs and Mixtecs both allied themselves and fought among themselves as they tried to maintain their lands and valuable trade routes between the high central plains of Mexico and Central America. [2] [4] The first Aztecs arrived to the Oaxaca area in 1250, but true expansion into the region began in the 15th century.
The Indigenous people of Oaxaca are descendants of the inhabitants of what is now the state of Oaxaca, Mexico, who were present before the Spanish invasion. Several cultures flourished in the ancient region of Oaxaca from as far back as 2000 BC, of whom the Zapotecs and Mixtecs were perhaps the most advanced, with complex social organization ...
Zapotec peoples, contemporary indigenous peoples of Mexico Zapotecan languages , a group of related Oto-Manguean languages (including Zapotec languages), of central Mesoamerica Zapotec language (Jalisco) , an extinct language from Jalisco state in Mexico, unrelated (despite its name) to the group of Zapotec languages.
The technological changes that made it possible were conditioned by specific factors in each region. Maya, Zapotecs, and Teotihuacans started to implement techniques such as irrigation systems. The staple crop continued to be maize. In the same period, a bifurcation of traditions took place: One in central Mexico and the other in northern Mayan ...
The partly excavated main pyramid of San Jose Mogote San Jose Mogote and other important Formative Period settlements.. San José Mogote is a pre-Columbian archaeological site of the Zapotec, a Mesoamerican culture that flourished in the region of what is now the Mexican state of Oaxaca.