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  2. Rose water - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rose_water

    Before the development of the technique of distilling rose water, rose petals were already used in Persian cuisine to perfume and flavour dishes. [6] Rose water likely originated in Persia, [7] [8] [9] where it is known as gulāb (گلاب), from gul (گل rose) and ab (آب water). The term was adopted into Medieval Greek as zoulápin. [10]

  3. Aromatherapy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aromatherapy

    Aromatherapy is a practice based on the use of aromatic materials, including essential oils and other aroma compounds, with claims for improving psychological well-being. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is used as a complementary therapy or as a form of alternative medicine , and typically is used via inhalation and not by ingestion.

  4. Iranian traditional medicine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_traditional_medicine

    Iranian traditional medicine (ITM) (Persian: طب سنتی‌ ایرانی, romanized: tebbe sonnati-e irāni), also known as Persian traditional medicine, is one of the most ancient forms of traditional medicine. ITM is grounded in the concept of four humors: phlegm (Balgham), blood (Dam), yellow bile (Ṣafrā') and black bile (Saudā').

  5. Rose oil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rose_oil

    The essence has a very strong odor, but is pleasant when diluted and used for perfume. Attar of roses was once made in India, Persia, Syria, and the Ottoman Empire. The Rose Valley in Bulgaria, near the town of Kazanlak, is among the major producers of attar of roses in the world. [10]

  6. Essential oil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essential_oil

    The Persian physician Ibn Sina, known as Avicenna in Europe, was first to derive the fragrance of flowers from distillation, [52] while the earliest recorded mention of the techniques and methods used to produce essential oils may be Ibn al-Baitar (1188–1248), an Arab Al-Andalusian (Muslim Spain) physician, pharmacist and chemist.

  7. Ancient Iranian medicine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Iranian_medicine

    Although the Avesta mentions several notable physicians, the most notable—Mani, Roozbeh, and Bozorgmehr—were to emerge later. [9]The second epoch covers the era of what is known as Pahlavi literature, where the entire subject of medicine was systematically treated in an interesting tractate incorporated in the encyclopedic work of Dinkart, [10] which listed in altered form some 4333 diseases.