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Barred cock and hen, illustration from Jean Bungartz, Geflügel-Album, 1885 Egg. The Plymouth Rock is an American breed of domestic chicken.It was first seen in Massachusetts in the nineteenth century and for much of the early twentieth century was the most widely kept chicken breed in the United States.
[4]: 432 His aim was to produce a dual-purpose chicken that would be suitable for meat production and would also lay large white eggs. By cross-breeding of Barred Plymouth Rock and White Leghorn birds, an autosexing breed with barred gray adult plumage was produced. As in other autosexing breeds, the sex of chicks can be distinguished at about ...
File: Flock of Rhode Island Red, Easter Egger, and Barred Plymouth Rock Hens.jpg
Poultry shows spread interest and understanding, with 88% of all farmers having chickens by 1910. [11] Barred Plymouth Rock hen, No. 31S. laid 237 eggs in first year at the Maine Agricultural Experiment Station (1903) As the United States urbanized, demand for eggs grew.
The Legbar arose from cross-breeding of Plymouth Rock birds with brown Leghorns, which at that time were two of the principal egg-laying breeds. As with the Cambar, they set out to breed a bird that would both have brown down and carry the barred gene (B), so that chicks would have sex-linked plumage differences that could easily be distinguished.
The physical traits used to distinguish chicken breeds are size, plumage color, comb type, skin color, number of toes, amount of feathering, egg color, and place of origin. [1] They are also roughly divided by primary use, whether for eggs, meat, or ornamental purposes, and with some considered to be dual-purpose. [1]
The B1 allele is causing the typical sex-linked barring phenotype/ appearance and is present in most modern sex-linked barred chicken breeds. Females or male chickens carrying the B2 allele in the heterozygous condition show a defined barring pattern but in the homozygous condition, males are essentially white with very little pigmentation. [9]
The concept of an auto-sexing breed of chicken is due to the geneticist Reginald Punnett, who during the First World War had already proposed the technique of cross-breeding chickens carrying the barred gene (B) with others to produce sex-linked chicks with plumage differences that could easily be distinguished.